Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil

PEPPERMINT (Mentha piperita) is a popular herb that can be used in numerous forms (ie, oil, leaf, leaf extract, and leaf water). Peppermint oil has the most uses, and use data on the oil are considered relevant to the leaf extract formulations as well. This herbal preparation is used in cosmeceuticals, personal hygiene products, foods, and pharmaceutical products for both its flavoring and fragrance properties. Peppermint oil possesses a fresh sharp menthol odor and a pungent taste followed by a cooling sensation. It also has a variety of therapeutic properties and is used in aromatherapy, bath preparations, mouthwashes, toothpastes, and topical preparations.

Topical preparations of peppermint oil have been used to calm pruritus and relieve irritation and inflammation. Their frequent application to impaired skin could contribute to the sensitization rates seen. Numerous allergic contact dermatitis reactions to peppermint oil have been described, many of which are linked to both perioral and intraoral disorders. Although peppermint oil is known for its many properties, its role as a sensitizer should be recognized so as to aid in the diagnosis of both dermatitis and oral conditions and to allow the initiation of proper avoidance measures.



Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Water are obtained from the Mentha piperita plant. The oil is currently used in cosmetic formulations as a fragrance component, but previously had been also described as a denaturant.



The extract and leaves are described as biological additives, but only the extract is reported to be used. Peppermint Water is described as a flavoring agent or fragrance component, but is not currently in use. Peppermint Oil is used at a concentration of < or = 3% in rinse-off formulations and < or = 0.2% in leave-on formulations. Peppermint Oil is composed primarily of menthol and menthone. Other possible constituents include pulegone, menthofuran, and limone. Most of the safety test data concern Peppermint Oil. The oil is considered to present the "worst case scenario" because of its many constituents, so data on the oil were considered relevant to the entire group of ingredients.



Peppermint Oil was minimally toxic in acute oral studies. Short-term and sub-chronic oral studies reported cystlike lesions in the cerebellum in rats that were given doses of Peppermint Oil containing pulegone, pulegone alone, or large amounts (>200 mg/kg/day) of menthone. Pulegone is also a recognized hepatotoxin. Repeated intradermal dosing with Peppermint Oil produced moderate and severe reactions in rabbits, although Peppermint Oil did not appear to be phototoxic. Peppermint Oil was negative in the Ames test and a mouse lymphoma mutagenesis assay but gave equivocal results in a Chinese hamster fibroblast cell chromosome aberration assay. In a carcinogenicity study of toothpaste and its components, no apparent differences were noted between mice treated with Peppermint Oil and those treated with the toothpaste base.


Menthol activates cold-sensitive TRPM8 receptors in the skin and mucosal tissues, and is the primary source of the cooling sensation that follows the topical application of peppermint oil.

Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) essential oil has a high concentration of natural pesticides, mainly pulegone (found mainly in Mentha arvensis var. piperascens cornmint, field mint, Japanese mint, and to a lesser extent (6,530 ppm) in Mentha × piperita subsp. nothosubsp. piperita) and menthone. It is known to repel some pest insects, including mosquitos, and has uses in organic gardening.

The chemical composition of the essential oil from peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) was analyzed by GC/FID and GC-MS. The main constituents were menthol (40.7%) and menthone (23.4%). Further components were (+/-)-menthyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, limonene, beta-pinene and beta-caryophyllene.

Isolated clinical cases of irritation and/or sensitization to Peppermint Oil and/or its constituents have been reported, but Peppermint Oil (8%) was not a sensitizer when tested using a maximization protocol. It was expected that dermal absorption of Peppermint Oil would be rapid, following that of menthol, a major component, but in no case would be greater than absorption through the gastrointestinal tract. Because of the toxicity of pulegone, the safe concentration of this constituent was limited to < or = 1%. This concentration was achievable both by controlling the time of harvest and processing technique. There is evidence that menthol can enhance penetration of other agents. Formulators were cautioned that this enhanced penetration can affect the use of other ingredients whose safety assessment was based on their lack of absorption. With the limitation that the concentration of pulegone in these ingredients should not exceed 1%, it was concluded that Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Extract, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaves, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Water are safe as used in cosmetic formulations.


Fresh or dried peppermint leaves are often used alone in peppermint tea or with other herbs in herbal teas (tisanes, infusions). Peppermint is used for flavouring ice cream, candy, fruit preserves, alcoholic beverages, chewing gum, toothpaste, and some shampoos, soaps and skin care products.

Selasih atau Basil (Ocimum basilicum)

Selasih, tlasih, basil, atau basilikum (Ocimum) atau O. basilicum ("basil" atau "sweet basil") sebagai rempah yang diwariskan dari tradisi Yunani Kuno. Di India, selasih yang paling dikenal adalah "tlasi" atau "tulasi" ("holy basil", O. tenuiflorum syn. O. sanctum).
Nama Melayu selasih diambil dari nama ini melalui bahasa Sanskerta. Warga Indocina dikenal menggunakan berbagai kultivar selasih.
Di Thailand dan negara-negara lain setempat dikenal "horapa" ("Thai basil", O. basilicum convar. Thyrsiflorum) dan "manglak" ("Thai lemon basil", O. citriodorum). Horapa populer sebagai bagian dari menu Vietnam. Manglak dikenal di Indonesia sebagai kemangi.



Selasih merupakan keluarga tumbuhan sweet basil yang salah satunya adalah kemangi asal Indonesia. Tumbuhan ini  dapat dimanfaatkan mulai dari biji, daun, dan bunganya sebagai rempah yang menyegarkan. Bentuknya butiran halus berwarna hitam. Biasa dijual dalam rendaman air, sehingga biji selasihnya sudah mengembang.



Selasih adalah segolongan terna yang dimanfaatkan daun, bunga, dan bijinya sebagai rempah-rempah serta penyegar (tonikum). Berbagai bagian tumbuhan ini berbau dan berasa khas, kadang-kadang langu, harum, atau manis, tergantung kultivarnya. Beberapa di antaranya bahkan dapat membuat mabuk. Beberapa jenis selasih, misalnya kemangi, berasal dari Asia Tenggara, namun sebagian besar dianggap berasal dari anak benua India.



Berikut 6 manfaat selasih:
1/ Memiliki fungsi sebagai afrodisiak. Zat cineole dan tanin berkhasiat untuk merangsang libido pria secara fisik, dan mengurangi sekresi cairan berlebih pada vagina.
2/ Mengandung banyak serat (dietary fiber) yang mampu menyerap kolesterol dan gula dalam darah, juga membantu mengurangi sembelit dan panas dalam.
3/ Menyejukkan tubuh dan menenangkan (sedative), sehingga cocok dikonsumsi oleh orang yang sulit tidur.
4/ Biji selasih kering disimpan dalam botol tertutup di tempat yang kering. Jika akan diolah, rendam dahulu dalam air matang hingga mengembang.
5/ Simpan selasih yang sudah direndam air dalam lemari pendingin.
6/ Selasih cocok diolah menjadi aneka minuman segar, misalnya dipadu dengan kelapa muda atau blewah.

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